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premier league winter transfers

Source: Manual research
Income
Expenditures
TRANSFER FLOW (€M)
Winter windowArrivalsDeparturesIncome (€m)Expenses (€m)Balance (€m)Benchmark yearBrent avg ($/bbl)USD/RUB avgEU packages (2022+)Top sectors targeted (≤5)
2016/2017808657.132.4724.63201643.6467.05finance; defence/arms; dual-use; energy (oil tech/services); territorial
2017/2018484517.8327.14-9.31201754.1358.33finance; defence/arms; dual-use; energy (oil tech/services); territorial
2018/2019554766.2659.536.74201871.3462.81finance; defence/arms; dual-use; energy (oil tech/services); territorial
2019/2020423330.2918.9611.33201964.364.71finance; defence/arms; dual-use; energy (oil tech/services); territorial
2020/202153556.716.19-9.49202041.9672.32finance; defence/arms; dual-use; energy (oil tech/services); territorial
2021/2022806831.3779.54-48.16202170.8673.71finance; defence/arms; dual-use; energy (oil tech/services); territorial
2022/2023573723.6628.27-4.612022100.9369.929finance/banks; energy; export controls (dual-use/tech); transport; media/info
2023/202460525.7572.37-66.62202382.4985.543defence & dual-use; industrial/critical tech; energy; trade bans; anti-circumvention
2024/2025495578.6285.88-7.26202480.5292.883defence/industrial base; finance; transport/shipping; energy; anti-circumvention
2025/2026262853.8943.564202569.1483.784energy; finance; transport/shadow fleet; export controls; anti-circumvention

Context

2022/23

A sharp cool-down — after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine the market turns cautious; sanctions and payment frictions add pressure, so clubs reduce risk.

2023/24

Spending jumps while sales income nearly disappears — squads still needed reinforcement, but selling abroad became difficult due to sanctions and payment constraints.

2024/25

Sales partially return, spending stays elevated — the market adapts to new rules, yet clubs still spend to stay competitive domestically.

2025/26

Things get quieter — budgets tighten, fewer big deals, more pragmatic moves.

2026

A caution-first scenario — while the war continues and constraints remain, expect more loans, free agents, and domestic moves; sales income will stay volatile.

Sources